CCO Annual Update
HIV/AIDS Annual Update 2005
The Role of Immune Activation in the Pathogenesis of HIV Infection |
Module 1 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Defining Immunodeficiency
- Defining Immunosuppression
- Relationship Between Immune Activation and Other HIV Laboratory Parameters
- Relationship Between Immune Activation and Clinical Manifestations of HIV Infection
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Discuss how immunosuppressive agents might complement the use of HAART and describe current data on their use in HIV-infected patients Define and compare immunodeficiency and immunosuppression in the setting of HIV infection Describe the relationship between immune activation and HIV viral load and CD4+ cell count
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Blocking HIV Attachment and Entry |
Module 2 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Overview of HIV Entry into Cells
- HIV Entry into Cells: The Env Protein
- HIV Entry into Cells: Host Cell Receptors for HIV
- HIV Entry into Cells: Receptor-Induced Conformational Changes and Membrane Fusion
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Identify the challenges associated with the clinical use of entry inhibitors State how different types of entry inhibitors block HIV entry in the cell Describe how HIV enters cells
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Novel Antiretroviral Agents |
Module 3 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Amdoxovir
- NRTIs: SPD754
- NRTIs: D-d4FC
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Evaluate new targets such as HIV entry and integrase, prospective agents, and their potential positioning in HIV therapy. List reasons why new antiretroviral agents are needed for existing targets and give examples of such agents. Describe steps in the HIV life cycle that offer targets for new antiretroviral agents.
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HIV Resistance: Improving Interpretation and Recent Insights |
Module 4 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Epidemiology of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance
- Optimizing the Use of Resistance Tests: Phenotype Interpretation
- Optimizing the Use of Resistance Tests: Establishing Clinical Cut-offs
- Optimizing the Use of Resistance Tests: Genotype Interpretation
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Outline statistics on the incidence and persistence of drug-resistant virus in treatment-naive, HIV-infected persons Discuss the impact of resistance testing vs no testing on virologic response and potential ways to improve interpretations of test results Describe data on the failure rates of NRTI-only regimens, and how interactions between NRTI resistance-associated mutations may impact the rate of failure
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Clinical Strategies for Treatment-Experienced Patients |
Module 5 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Treatment Failure
- Initial Approach to Treatment Failure
- "Blips" and Low-Level Viremia
- Use of Treatment Intensification in Patients With Persistent Low-Level Viremia
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Discuss the therapeutic options for heavily treatment-experienced patients on a failing regimen. Identify the reasons for treatment failure with current antiretroviral therapies. Describe the different approaches to treatment failure depending on the cause of failure.
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Clinical Relevance of Advances in Pharmacogenomics |
Module 6 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction to Pharmacogenomics
- Immunogenetic Factors and Drug Response
- Abacavir Hypersensitivity
- Nevirapine Hypersensitivity
- Pharmacogenetic Factors
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
List various genetic factors that can affect antiretroviral treatment outcome. Describe the clinical effects that immunogenetic and pharmacogenetic factors can have on antiretroviral therapy. Discuss sex- and race-related differences in response and toxicity that are related to differences in genetic expression.
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Strategies for Managing Hyperlipidemia in HIV Disease |
Module 7 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
- Judith S. Currier, MD, MSc
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Overview of Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with HIV
- CHD Risk in HIV-Infected Patients
- Evaluation of Dyslipidemia in HIV-Infected Patients
- Managing Lipids: Change Antiretroviral Therapy or Add Lipid-Lowering Agents?
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Review the prevalence and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients Describe the steps in the evaluation of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients Identify the different treatment approaches to managing dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients
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Update on the Management of HIV-Infected Women |
Module 8 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Influence of Sex on Patient Outcome and Response to HAART
- Sex-Based Differences in Timing of HAART Initiation
- Sex-Based Differences in Antiretroviral Pharmacokinetics
- Sex-Based Differences in Adverse Events Among Nonpregnant Adults
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Recount data on the impact of gender, contraception use, and pregnancy on antiretroviral pharmacokinetics Discuss specific considerations regarding the choice of antiretroviral therapy for HIV- infected pregnant women Describe differences in response and incidence of adverse events with the use of HAART in HIV-infected women vs HIV-infected men
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New Insights Into Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections |
Module 9 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
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Topics covered include:
- Introduction
- Examples of Prevention Trials With Different Outcomes: The Mwanza Trial
- Examples of Prevention Trials With Different Outcomes: The Rakai and Masaka Trials
- How Well Have Behavior Change Interventions Worked?
- How Effective Are Male Condoms in Preventing HIV?
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Describe randomized controlled trials of prevention of STI/HIV transmission Identify other interventions that appear promising to control the HIV epidemic Discuss the interventions that have been successful to prevent or reduce transmission
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10 Ways to Solve AIDS in Africa |
Module 10 of 10 |
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Program Director: John P. Phair, MD
- Charles van der Horst, MD
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Topics covered include:
- The Epidemic Begins
- Progress
- Africa Calls
- Extent of the Current Problems in Africa
- Sounds Nice, But Is This Practical for the Region?
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:
Review data regarding the impact of various factors on the AIDS epidemic in Africa, including financial, social, biological, and logistical support issues. Recount data regarding the successes and failures of programs and methods to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS in Africa. Describe the history of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa, including details regarding the current status of the epidemic, particularly in Malawi.
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The materials published on the Clinical Care Options Web site reflect the views of the reviewers or authors of the CCO material, not those of Clinical Care Options, LLC, the CME provider, or the companies providing educational grants. The materials may discuss uses and dosages for therapeutic products that have not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. A qualified healthcare professional should be consulted before using any therapeutic product discussed. Readers should verify all information and data before treating patients or using any therapies described in these materials.
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Educational grants support only the CME-certified components of this program.
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